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WGU D311 MICROBIOLOGY EXAM AND STUDY
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COMPLETE 400 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS)
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Which drug classes are antimetabolites that target folic acid synthesis enzymes? - ANSWER - Sulfonamides - sulfamethoxazole trimethoprim
Which antimicrobial agent is effective against a cold sore caused by a herpes infection? - ANSWER - Antivirals
Which organism would be affected by an antimicrobial agent that disrupts peptidoglycan synthesis? - ANSWER - Bacteria
Which cellular function would be disrupted by an antimicrobial that targets peptidoglycan synthesis? - ANSWER - cell wall synthesis
Which structure is damaged by an antifungal that targets ergosterol synthesis? - ANSWER - The cell membrane
Which molecule is responsible for presenting viral antigen to cytotoxic T cells? - ANSWER - Major histocompatibility complex 1 MHC 1 1 / 4
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pg. 2 What is humoral immunity? - ANSWER - Humoral immunity involves regulatory T cells, which destroy infected body cells.
What is the difference between antigens and pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)? - ANSWER - PAMPs are found on numerous pathogens; antigens are unique to specific pathogens
Which complete region of an antibody is the site of complement factor binding? - ANSWER - Fragment crystallization FC region
How do vaccines provide immunity to disease? - ANSWER - Vaccines stimulate both humoral and cell-mediated immune responses.
Which vaccine type provides immunity by introducing the body to a less virulent pathogen? - ANSWER - attenuated vaccines
Which characteristic is a disadvantage of attenuated vaccines? - ANSWER - Attenuated vaccines result in the development of the signs and symptoms of disease.
Which vaccine type was formulated to combat capsule-producing pathogens? - ANSWER - conjugate vaccines
Which type of immunity is generated from vaccination? - ANSWER - artificially active acquired immunity
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pg. 3 What is the effect of herd immunity on a population? - ANSWER - The protection of susceptible individuals in a population from a disease.
What is the global financial impact of vaccinating for measles? - ANSWER - The cost of vaccination is less than the overall cost of medical care and lost work time due to measles infection, so money is saved by vaccinating the public.
Which vaccine was the first to provide immunity, paving the way for the subsequent vaccination campains? - ANSWER - Smallpox
A patient developed peritonitis (infection of the abdominal cavity) after intestinal surgery. The attending physician suspects a nosocomial infection as the cause. What can be done to prevent other patients from developing a nosocomial infection after intestinal surgery? - ANSWER - Adhere to surgical suite cleaning and disinfection protocols.
An outbreak of canine infectious respiratory disease occurred in a dog boarding facility after a dog that was asymptomatic later developed the disease. Which strategy will mitigate the risk of a future outbreak of CIRD? - ANSWER - Require dogs to be vaccinated for CIRD pathogens.
How can a 1:10 dilution of bleach solution be used for disinfection if
only undiluted bleach meets the EPA's guidelines? - ANSWER - Allow diluted bleach to contaminated surfaces for more than 10 minutes.
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pg. 4 A foodborne pathogen is suspected as a cause of acute onset fever and diarrhea in people after eating one brans of a packaged salad mix. Which method will mitigate the future risk of product contamination with this pathogen? - ANSWER - Farmers use water sourced only from a city's water supply for field irrigation
A physician who has been treating a patient with cephalexin for a skin infection secondary to uncontrolled diabetes mellitus notes that the infection has worsened over the past 10 days. The physician orders a culture and susceptibility testing. Which pathogen does the physician suspect? - ANSWER - Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
A doctor chooses azithromycin for an adult patient with bacterial pneumonia, based on knowledge of the bacteria that common cause pneumonia. Which public health factor should the physician consider when selecting the antibiotic for this patient? - ANSWER - A review of practice medical records for similarly affected patient reveals that azithromycin has been 90% successful for the treatment of pneumonia.
What can the veterinarian do to prevent an outbreak of ringworm among cats in the shelter? - ANSWER - Isolate the kittens from other animals because dogs and cats are susceptible to ringworm.
Approximately 40% of people receive the inactivated form of the influenza virus vaccine annually. What does this fact imply regarding public health? - ANSWER - The value of influenza virus vaccination for everyone could be better communicated to the public.
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