WGU C785
TEST BANK
What is the basic structure of an amino acid? What do they look like? - CORRECT ANSWER amino group (NH2 or NH3), carboxyl group (COO or COOH), alpha carbon (C), and variable group
How do you identify the 3 different types of side chains:
non-polar/hydrophobic, polar, and charged? - CORRECT ANSWER Non-polar/hydrophobic - end with CH or "can't have" water. Polar - end with OH, SH, or NH. Charged - end with a charge what kinds of bonds do each of the 3 different types of side chains make? - CORRECT ANSWER ionic, hydrophobic/non-polar, charged What are the 4 levels of protein structure? - CORRECT ANSWER Primary - linear structure, Secondary - Folded into helix or pleated sheet 1 / 4
caused by hydrogen bonding, tertiary - 3D structure caused by side chain interactions, quaternary - 1+ amino acid chains combine = multiple subunits MUST have 1+ subunit What enviormental change breaks each type of bond? - CORRECT ANSWER hydrophobic - temperature change, ionic - salt or decreased pH, hydrogen - temperature, change in pH, disulfide - reducing agents what type of amino acid side chain leads to protein aggregration? - CORRECT ANSWER hydrophobic bonds how do environmental changes affect protein folding? - CORRECT ANSWER Extreme temp can cause hydrogen bonds to break apart = malformation of protein folding how do mutations affect protein structure? - CORRECT ANSWER Can cause structure to change. Protein loses form = loses function. May form a different protein. 2 / 4
What is an electron? - CORRECT ANSWER Negatively charged atom on outer ring for bonding
What is energy: - CORRECT ANSWER Power derived fro
chemical interaction what are covalent bonds? - CORRECT ANSWER chemical bond, atoms share 1+ valence electrons what is an ionic bond? - CORRECT ANSWER bond between positive and negative what is a hydrogen bond? - CORRECT ANSWER weak bond between positive and negative with an amino? - CORRECT ANSWER piece of amino acid, NH2 or NH3 3 / 4
what is a carboyxl? - CORRECT ANSWER piece of amino acid, COO or COOH What is hydrophobic? - CORRECT ANSWER Doesn't like water, end with CH what is hydrophilic? - CORRECT ANSWER Water Lovering, end with OH, NH, or SH what is disulfide bond? - CORRECT ANSWER strongest bond between reduction agents, formed between SH's.what are zwitterions? - CORRECT ANSWER amino with positive and negative charges = overall charge of zero what is a polypeptide - CORRECT ANSWER polymer of amino acids
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